| 李楠,申玉波,尚国华.“新面貌”改革后俄罗斯军官培养体系探析[J].军事高等教育研究,2017,40(4):61-67 |
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| “新面貌”改革后俄罗斯军官培养体系探析 |
| An Analysis of Russian Training System of Officer Candidates after“New Look”Reform |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 俄罗斯 “新面貌”改革 军官培养体系 军事教育 |
| Key Words:Russia “New Look”reform officer training system military education |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 俄罗斯独立后虽然对军官培养体系进行了恢复重建，并长期坚持与时俱进的改革，但仍然存在管理体制不科学、军事院校规模结构不合理、学历教育的重要性被轻视以及条件建设水平比较低等诸多问题。借“新面貌”改革契机，俄罗斯从院校规模结构、生长军官培养模式、典型职业培训路径、军官岗位轮换等方面再次对军官培养体系进行大刀阔斧的改革。改革后的俄罗斯军官培养体系更加重视学历教育与职业教育深度融合，不断完善军事院校职能，严格依法办学、重奖严惩，课程教学强调“通”“专”兼顾，改革教学方法，教员队伍建设强调晓于实战、结构合理，特色和优势更加凸显。探析俄罗斯军官培养体系改革进程、现状和特点，对我军院校建设发展具有借鉴意义。 |
| Abstract: |
| Although Russia had restored and reconstructed its officer training system and conducted continuous up-to-date reform，many problems remained unsolved since its independence，such as the impertinency in the management system，inappropriateness in the scale and structure of military colleges，insufficient cognition on the importance of diploma education，and inadequate input for logistics support，etc．During the“New Look”reform，Russian army took the opportunity and implemented sweeping reform on the military colleges，especially regarding the scale and structure，training model of officer candidates，training methods of typical profession，and duty shift system. Russian army streamlined its synchronizing of diploma education and vocational education，improved the function of military colleges，and put more emphasis on the rule of law in the military colleges，running schools strictly abiding the law，simultaneously giving punishment and rewards. The consideration of “generalization”and “specialization”was emphasized. Russia innovated teaching methods，stressing reasonable structure of the teachers’team，obvious features and advantages of military academies. Analyzing the process，current situation and characteristics of Russia’s reform in officer training system is enlightening for the development of our military colleges. |
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