| 李冬,陈玄.美国海军院校教育改革历程与展望[J].军事高等教育研究,2021,44(2):1-5 |
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| 美国海军院校教育改革历程与展望 |
| Analysis on U.S. Navy Education Development |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 美国 海军 院校教育 |
| Key Words:The United States Navy college education |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 美国海军重视人才培养和院校建设，其教育体系自独立战争以来持续演化发展，美国海军学院、海军战争学院、海军研究生院、陆战队大学等知名军事院校相继诞生，培养了大批作战将领和军事理论家，为美国夺取海上霸权发挥了重要作用。当前，随着美国国家战略调整，为应对美国经济和技术不再称霸全球的新趋势以及教育领域的新发展，海军领导机构高级将领和教育专家对其院校教育体系进行了全面审查，揭示出重视程度不足、入学比例偏低、选学不够严格、整合力度不强、教学能力下降等问题。为此，海军部2020年制定出台《面向制海权的教育战略》，提出未来5年海军教育发展的3大支柱18项措施.文章分析了美国海军教育的改革历程，研究了现状问题和未来发展，或将对我国军事教育的发展提供经验和启示。 |
| Abstract: |
| The U.S. Navy attaches great importance to the talent cultivation and construction of colleges and universities. The Navy education system continues to develop since the War of Independence. Well-known military academies such as the United States Naval Academy，the Naval War College，the Naval Postgraduate School，and the Marine Corps University were established，which cultivated many operational commanders and military theorists that played an important role taking naval supremacy for the United States. With national strategy adjustment，in response to the trend that the economic and technical advantages of the U.S. no longer exist and new development appears in the field of education，the Navy leadership and education experts conducted a comprehensive review of its education system，which revealed a series of problems such as no enough attention，low enrollments，lack of strict selection criteria，inadequate integration，and decline in teaching ability. Therefore，the Navy published The Naval Education for Seapower Strategy 2020，putting forward 3 pillars and 18 measures for the development of Navy education in the next 5 years. Analyses of the reform process，the current situation and the future development of the U.S. Navy education will provide valuable experience and enlightenment for the development of Chinese military education. |
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